NRWA Dam Removals in Massachusetts Presentation PDF

Across New England, aging and unsafe dam infrastructure has led to an increase in dam removals. These dam removals can provide significant public safety and ecological benefits, from a reduced risk of flooding to restored river connectivity. Supported by the MA Division of Ecological Restoration, the Nashua River Watershed Association offered educational talks about dam removals in Massachusetts, covering a general overview of why and how unsafe dams are removed, and what changes you might expect to see in your community as a result. Presentations were made possible in part by a grant from the MA Division of Ecological Restoration. View NRWA 2024 Dam Removal Presentation slideshow PDF.

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Using Nature to Adapt to Climate Change in the Nashua River Watershed

The NRWA is working with the communities of Ashburnham, Fitchburg, Groton, Leominster, and Pepperell to understand local climate change issues and ways that we can use Nature-based Solutions to address those issues. Citizen input is key to the process as NRWA, town leadership, and consultants work to identify specific sites and solutions to help each  community become more climate resilient. The concepts developed in these five communities will then be applied to create a Nashua River Watershed Nature-based Solutions Plan with tools accessible to all of our watershed communities. This project is funded by a Massachusetts Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness (MVP) grant. Learn more about this project and Nature-based Solutions.

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NRWA 2022 Water Report

The Nashua River Watershed Association is pleased to share our 2022 Water Report.  This new report analyzes the results of our 2022 water monitoring season covering topics such as: what do we study and why? what do the results tell us about the health of our waterways? what sections of rivers or streams are facing water quality challenges? The report is detailed and provides supporting images, graphs, and charts. 

Thank you as always to our team of volunteer water monitors.  In 2022, they collected 877 individual surface water samples.  Their dedication makes our work to protect our waterways possible. This Report is dedicated to all of you.

Read the NRWA’s 2022 Water Report.

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NRWA 2023-2028 Strategic Plan

The NRWA is pleased to share its 2023-2028 Strategic Plan, a guide to our priorities for our next five years. The Plan is the result of months of conversations, partner listening sessions, and a survey of supporters. We asked for your input, we listened, and your feedback is reflected in this directional piece. We look forward to working with you to achieve these goals. View online.  Download single page for print.  

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Nashua River Watershed Association Statement on MassWildlife’s Proposed Oak Woodlands Restoration at Squannacook River Wildlife Management Area

The MA Department of Fisheries and Wildlife (MassWildlife) has proposed an Oak Woodlands Restoration project on 215 acres at the Squannacook River Wildlife Management Area (SRWMA), which will result in altering the current forested landscape to an open woodland. The project would require significant clearing of the existing forest, periodic fire management, and herbicide applications.  For a more detailed description of the goals of the proposed project and restoration activities, please see: mass.gov/info-details/oak-woodland-restoration-at-squannacook-river-wma

The Nashua River Watershed Association (NRWA) has been closely keeping track of this proposed project and wishes to share the following significant attributes of the SRWMA project site, which MassWildlife has indicated would be Phase 1* of a multi-phase undertaking:

  • Abuts ~2 miles of the federally-designated Squannacook Wild & Scenic River, which is also a state-designated Coldwater Fisheries Resource; 
  • Is within the state-designated Squannassit Area of Critical Environmental Concern; and 
  • Is a Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Priority Habitat Area.
  • Meets MA DEP state-designated Outstanding Resource Water Massachusetts Surface Water Quality Standards [314  CMR 4.04(3)

  • Is included in the Squannacook-Nissitissit Rivers Sanctuary Act (MGL, Part I, Title XIX, Chapter 123A, Section 17)

  • Is a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries “Essential Fish Habitat”

  • Is a MA DFW Wildlife Management Area Reference Stream

  • US Geological Survey (USGS) gage on the Squannacook River was used as a least impacted site to set flow policy for the state’s Water Management Act. The river is also used as a “clean water” least impacted site by MA DEP’s SMART monitoring program. Water quality information from this site was used in the development of statewide Water Quality Standards including nutrients and pollutant loading analysis.

  • ~50 acres of Shirley Zone 1 Municipal Wellhead Protection Area (a 1,000 foot zone extending from wellhead)  

  • Subject property partially overlays a medium yield aquifer ½ mile upstream from the W. Groton Water Supply District public wellheads.

This site has long been recognized as an area worthy of the highest-level protection and preservation for its existing outstandingly remarkable environmental resource values. Therefore, proposed alteration of the site should be subject to particularly rigorous analysis.

In February of 2022 the NRWA requested that MassWildlife consider at least a three-year moratorium on advancing the proposed project while MassWildlife, NRWA, and other partners: 

  • Identify alternate sites that meet MassWildlife’s state-wide goals for Oak Woodland Habitat;
  • Undertake additional studies on SRWMA; and 
  • Assess the impact of the scale of the proposed project. 

Through dialogue with MassWildlife, the NRWA understands that MassWildlife cannot agree to a moratorium.  MassWildlife has communicated a commitment to transparency and to proceeding on a timeline with opportunities for site walks and public engagement. 

In addition, public comment periods which are required as part of local and state permitting would precede any actual site work by MassWildlife.  Opportunities for comments would occur at both Shirley and Townsend Conservation Commission meetings, and potentially be associated with an Environmental Notification Form (ENF) and Massachusetts Environmental Policy Act (MEPA) review.  After reviewing forthcoming documents, the NRWA will offer detailed comments during the public comment periods as they arise.

* The NRWA notes that potential future Phases of the proposed project have not yet been described, but that the entire Squannacook River Wildlife Management Area encompasses a total of more than 1,300 acres.

 

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Chapter 4 Providing Education video link

NRWA 50th Anniversary Video Series

In 2019, the NRWA celebrated its 50th Anniversary.  As part of our celebration, we created a series of six short videos looking at where we began, where we are and where we are going in the future. We hope you enjoy this look at NRWA and what we accomplish together! Thank you!

Chapter 1:  The Beginning (2:38 min.)
Chapter 2:  Protecting Water (2:28 min.)
Chapter 3:  Protecting Land (2:20 min.)
Chapter 4:  Providing Education (1:55 min.)
Chapter 5:  Supporting Recreation (1:49 min.)
Chapter 6:  Looking Forward (2:31 min.)

Thank you to our 50th Anniversary Sponsors for making this series possible: Presenting Sponsor, Rollstone Bank & Trust, and Anniversary Sponsors, CanAm Machinery and Enterprise Bank.

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  Pulling invasive water chestnut by hand from a canoe

Controlling Invasive Water Chestnut

The NRWA has been working with the state and local entities, as well as volunteers to control the infestation and spread of invasive water chestnut in the Nashua River.  Learn more.

View new video "NRWA Water Chestnut Pull: Volunteers in Action. (3:14 min) produced by Max McCormick of NorthPoint Productions.

ACT icon smallActions for Conservation Groups

Educate people about issues and mitigation strategies: Many people associate climate change with increased storms and sea level rise, not the types of impacts that are taking place right now in the Nashua River watershed. Educating the public about the changes that are taking place and the mitigation strategies that are available is therefore a critical, immediate need.

Determine Opportunities to create Ecological Reserves and Connections: Develop comprehensive plans to protect important ecological areas within the watershed. Ecosystems are complex and vulnerable to damage by human activity and climate change. Connect and expand large conservation areas in order to allow plant and animal communities to migrate or adapt. Connections among protected areas expand their significance.

Protect and Manage Forests for habitat and sequestration: Promote forests that have a diversity of tree species, ample tree regeneration of future-adapted species, vigorous trees of various sizes and ages, a variety of tree arrangements, and an appropriate amount of deadwood to give forests a complex structure and helps them withstand and recover from stressors. These practices also improve soil health and increase soil carbon sequestration. When forests need to be harvested, careful adherence to excellent forestry practices, such as those utilizing alternative, less intensive forest management systems and those utilizing Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF) can reduce the loss of carbon and maintain ecologically healthy forests.

Coordinate Land Protection and Management with conservation groups and towns: Municipalities and conservation groups can work across town boundaries on ecological strategies and habitat protection. By sharing plans, larger and more effective protected areas can be created.

Prepare Baseline Documentation of Ecologic Resources: Develop baseline documentation of existing conditions in order to understand and plan for the changes that are taking place within our watershed.

 

Download NRWA's Climate Impact Action List for Conservation Groups (PDF).

ACT icon smallActions for Municipalities

Evaluate Storm-related Infrastructure and upgrade as needed: Evaluate the ability of existing infrastructure to accommodate predicted future flows. Contact NRWA to obtain data and for assistance with evaluations.

Establish Ecology-Based Municipal Open Space Plans: Often municipal open space plans are oriented more toward recreational and visual values than ecological values. Critical ecology-based mitigation strategies are also needed. The concept of ecology-based municipal open space plans can be introduced and implemented.

Require Infiltration Catch Basins, Rain Gardens, and Stormwater Retention: Rain gardens, vegetated buffer strips, retention basins, and infiltration catch basins facilitate stormwater infiltration that reduces runoff and increases groundwater reservoirs that feed wetlands and small streams in periods of drought. Such groundwater reserves also provide cool water to help sustain cold water species. Rain gardens and vegetated buffers infiltrate water and provide plantings that increase ecological value and sequester carbon.

Join the Municipal Vulnerability Program (MVP): Massachusetts municipal officials can assure that their communities participate in the Massachusetts Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Program, which provides grant funding for preparing and implementing mitigation strategies to address climate impacts.

Manage Town-owned Forests for habitat and carbon sequestration and storage: Manage forests for: a diversity of tree species, ample tree regeneration of future-adapted species, vigorous trees of various sizes and ages, a variety of tree arrangements, and an appropriate amount of deadwood to give forests a complex structure and help them withstand and recover from stressors (i.e. – increased rainfall, flooding, drought conditions during the growing season, invasive plants – trees – insects – invertebrates – diseases).

Protect Ecologically Valuable Properties: Develop comprehensive plans to conserve and protect important ecological areas within the watershed. Ecosystems are complex and vulnerable to damage by human activity and climate change. Connect and expand large conservation areas in order to allow plant and animal communities to migrate or adapt. Connections among protected areas expand their significance.

 

Download NRWA's Climate Impact Action List for Municipalities (PDF).

ACT icon smallActions for Businesses

Create Permeable Surfaces including Rain Gardens:  Permeable pavements, rain gardens, vegetated buffer strips, retention basins, and infiltration catch basins facilitate stormwater infiltration that reduces runoff and increases groundwater reservoirs that feed wetlands and small streams in periods of drought. Such groundwater reserves also provide cool water to help sustain cold water species. Rain gardens and vegetated buffers infiltrate water and provide plantings that increase ecological value and sequester carbon.

Landscape with Native Grasses, Pollinator Plants, and Trees:  Trees sequester and store carbon, moderate temperatures and provide critical habitat, and they enhance the visual landscape. If trees must be removed due to disease, aging, or other requirements, plant new trees.

Educate Employees about Local Climate Impacts and Mitigation Opportunities:  Encourage employees to look at NRWA Climate Impact website and to take appropriate actions.

Set Goals to Become a More Climate Resilient and Sustainable Business:  Take a look at your business and see if there are ways to reduce your water and energy usage, improve your recycling to reduce waste, or prepare a plan to protect your business from a climate disaster, like flooding. View the Devens Climate Action Toolkit for Businesses, from the Devens Enterprise Commission, for many ideas on how your business can become more resilient and help your community become more sustainable.

 

Download NRWA's Climate Impact Action List for Businesses (PDF).

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategy References

Protect and Manage Forests

Moomaw, WR, Masino, SA and Faison, EK. 2019. Intact Forests in the United States: Proforestation Mitigates Climate Change and Serves the Greatest Good. Front. For. Glob. Change 2:27.:  https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2019.00027/full

Protect Massachusetts and New England Forests. Photo essay revealing state sponsored forest destruction in Massachusetts, by Chris Matera, PE. Massachusetts Forest Watch: http://www.maforests.org/

Chris Matera, J. William Stubblefield and Barthold Bouricius, “MASSACHUSETTS STATE PUBLIC FORESTS A Status Update: State Sponsored Forest Destruction Continuing and Increasing and the Need for Genuine Protection” (2020). Massachusetts Forest Watch: www.maforests.org/DFW.pdf.  

“Five Reasons That the Earth’s Climate Depends on Forests: Statement from Scientist Signatories” (2019). Climate and Land Use Alliance: http://www.climateandlandusealliance.org/scientists-statement/.

Liz Kimbrough, “Record-high global tree cover loss driven by agriculture” (2020). MONGABAY: https://news.mongabay.com/2020/03/record-high-global-tree-cover-loss-driven-by-agriculture/.

Recordings of a recent speaker series hosted by Climate Action Now of Massachusetts and Save Massachusetts Forests: 

Burned: Are Trees the New Coal? Documentary film produced by Alan Dater and Lisa Merton of Marlborough, VT: http://burnedthemovie.com/

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265671270_Climate_Change_Carbon_and_the_Forests_of_the_Northeast

https://environmentalevidencejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13750-018-0138-y

Woodlands and Wildlands Partnership: https://www.wildlandsandwoodlands.org/sites/default/files/Wildlands%20and%20Woodlands%20Science_HSHF30_June%2013_2014_0.pdf

MassWoods: 

http://masswoods.org/sites/masswoods.org/files/pdf-doc-ppt/Restoring_Old_Growth_Characteristics_2.pdf

http://masswoods.org/sites/masswoods.net/files/Forest-Resiliency.pdf

https://forestadaptation.org/learn/resource-finder/new-england-webinar-series-forest-carbon-management-and-climate-adaptation

https://forestadaptation.org/learn/resource-finder/new-england-webinar-series-forest-carbon-management-and-climate-adaptation

Carbon Storage on MassWildlife Lands: https://www.mass.gov/service-details/carbon-storage-on-masswildlife-lands

Managing Our Forests...For Carbon Benefit: https://www.mass.gov/info-details/managing-our-forests-for-carbon-benefits

Forests: a Natural Solution for Climate Change - The Nature Conservancy Infographic: https://www.nature.org/content/dam/tnc/nature/en/photos/MAForestCarbonFactsheet.jpg

Valuing our Forests in a Changing Climate - Massachusetts Forest Forum Statement: http://web.massaudubon.org/site/DocServer/Forest_Forum_Climate_Forestry_Statement_FINAL.pdf?docID=10125&autologin=true

"Climate Change Atlas" provides information on how individual tree species will respond to climate change:  https://www.fs.fed.us/nrs/atlas/

Forest types: "Changing Climate, Changing Forests: The Impacts of Climate Change on Forests of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada": https://www.fs.fed.us/nrs/pubs/gtr/gtr_nrs99.pdf

"Forest Management in a Changing Climate: How the Climate Affects Forests" Bulletin E-3221, July 2014 (Michigan): https://forestadaptation.org/sites/default/files/Michigan%20Climate%20and%20Forest%20Bulletins%206-16.pdf

USDA Forest Service Climate Change Resource Center (CCRC): https://www.fs.usda.gov/ccrc/

Protect and Enhance Floodplains, Wetlands and Small Streams

Nahlik, A.M. and M. S. Fennessy (2016) Carbon Storage in US Wetlands, Nature Communications, https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms13835

Protect and Create Meadows, Gardens and Farms

Zomer, R.J., D.A. Bossio, R. Sommer and L.V. Verchot (2017). Global Sequestration Potential of Increased Organic Carbon in Cropland Soils. Nature. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-15794-8

Soil Health and Climate Change: https://www.climaterealityproject.org/content/right-under-your-feet-soil-health-and-climate-crisis

https://www.greenamerica.org/food-climate?gclid=CjwKCAjw7-P1BRA2EiwAXoPWA_UhpuGLhphnZSJ83mJVIageGSS1fIw91vmwS40sqLoY6c4j0pmuCBoCT90QAvD_BwE

https://www.4p1000.org/

Protect Interconnected, Resilient Ecological Reserves

https://www.mass.gov/service-details/replace-a-culvert

Establish Ecology-Based Municipal Open Space Plans

https://www.mass.gov/municipal-vulnerability-preparedness-mvp-program

Create Backyard Habitat

Eiseltová, M., Pokorný, J., Hesslerová, P., Ripl, W. (2012): Evapotranspiration – A Driving Force in Landscape Sustainability. In. Irmak A. (ed.) Evapotranspiration - Remote Sensing and Modeling. InTech, pp. 305 – 328. ISBN 978-953-307-216-6, 514 str.

http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/evapotranspiration-a-driving-force-in-landscape-sustainability

https://www.climatehubs.usda.gov/archive/northeast/360/Worcester.html

https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1071/